Features

Several elements, known as SERP features, have been incorporated into the SERP to enhance its functionality. These features attempt to deliver answers to the search query and assist users in the search process rather than just linking to websites that may contain the desired information, as textual results do.

Although the enriched elements of the textual results can also be considered features according to Google’s documentation on this topic, this work adopts a classification approach aligned with the existing literature. Specifically, we define SERP features as unpaid enhancements the search engine provides to improve the search experience, whose formats are different from the textual listing format.

Exploration Features

Exploration features are a category of SERP features that help users explore more questions, searches, or topics related to their original search query. Below are presented all the identified features categorized as exploration features.

Search Refinement Features

Search refinement features assist the user in refining their search in order to find more suitable results. Below are presented the search refinement features identified during this analysis.

Zero-Click Answers

Zero-Click Answers, also referred to as Answer Modules, are features designed to provide brief and informative responses to a user’s search query, delivering immediate answers without requiring users to click on any search results. Multiple features of this category are described in the following sections.

Direct Answers

Direct Answers, also known as Answer Boxes, are a type of Zero-Click SERP feature designed to provide concise, instant responses to search queries. These answers are often displayed in a widget format, sometimes allowing user interaction. The information presented in Direct Answers may be originated from the search engine’s knowledge graph or from trusted data partners. Below are presented the direct answers identified.